When talking about lager, brewing is the method of taking grain or fruit and allowing it to ferment for a period of time, letting the sugars to turn to alcohol. Beer can either be made using the grains themselves, or the extracts of those grains. The basic procedures that go into making both commercial and home brewed lager are just about the same.
Step one in **making home brewed beer is the mashing stage. In this step, all the grains are crushed and soaked in water, forming an extract. The mash is then held at a relentless temperature, which pulls some of the enzymes and starches out of the grains. These starches are then converted into sugars which will finally become alcohol.
The second step is known as sparging. At about that point, clean water is added to the mash so that any sugar remaining in it’ll melt. It is also at this point that the mixture is now called wort – a dark, sugar laden liquid that is the basis of all beers.
After the sparging is complete and all of the sugars are melted, the wort is boiled. During this stage, any additional ingredients are added to the mixture. Hops are usually a staple for beer, but other ingredients can be added as well. Many home brewers will add their own touches and twists to any recipe they’re following, so that each home brewed beer they make has a different and unique flavor. This process also kills off any bacteria or other micro-organisms that might be floating about in the wort, and also disperses some of the surplus water.
Next, the mix is placed in a massive glass jar or vat, and yeast is added to the wort. This mix is then permitted to ferment for a couple of days. During the fermentation process, which can last anywhere from 7 to 14 days or longer, sediment and other materials will settle to the bottom of the container. Once the initial fermentation is complete, many brewers will pour the beer off into another fermentation vat or jar and allow the beer to ferment again.
Packing the lager is the final stage in making lager. It is here that the final product is placed in bottles and capped.
You could be wondering the way in which the carbonation gets into **home brewed beer. For most beer lovers, carbonation is a necessity. No one likes drinking flat beer. Home brewed beer usually has some carbonation when it’s done, but not usually enough. When you are making lager at home, there are a small number of paths to get the carbonation into the brew.
The first, and most daunting, is forced carbonation. This implies that carbon-dioxide is forced into the bottles just before the bottle is capped. Sadly , this may also be a troublesome, and possibly dangerous, system of carbonation.
A simpler technique of introducing CO2 into home brewed lager is to permit it to ferment longer. The fermentation action of the yeast produces carbon-dioxide as a by-product. The more you permit your lager to age and ferment, the more carbon dioxide, and that the more carbonation, your lager will have.
Another system of carbonating your house brew is to add a dash of unfermented wort to each **bottle of brewed and fermented beer as they are being capped. It is wise to be cautious with this method, however, as adding too much wort can create too much carbon dioxide. If the pressure within the bottle becomes too great, it will explode.
